Nail fungus or onychomycosis (medical name) is a disease that occurs with damage to the nail plate with fungal infection.Onichomycosis has 5 to 15 % of people.The risk of its development increases with age, although often fungus is detected in infants.Every 10 years of life, events grow 2.5 times.If in children it is 3 %, then the elderly already has 50 - 60 %.
The pathogen of disease
Onichomycosis is caused by microorganisms from the kingdom of mushrooms.The world of mushrooms is diverse, and not all as fun as the champion, chanterelles or mushrooms, which we use to look at our desk.There are species of microscopic parasites that eat plant tissues, animals, humans.
Onychomycosis -causing agents use keratin protein, which is part of the nail plate, hair, upper skin (keratinized).About 50 parasitic fungus representatives that can cause the disease to be known.
They are divided into three groups:
- Dermatophytes.They account for 80 % of cases of onychomycosis.They are distinguished by high survival and vitality.Naturally found in the soil;
- Yeast -like mushrooms.Among them is a woman known as Candida albicans (Candida genus microorganisms), causing candidiasis thrush or vagina.Explosion -Like mushrooms 5 times more often affect nails in hand than on the feet.Toxic and exacerbating the work of the whole organism;
- Mold.Onychomycosis, caused by mold, is rare.But it is the most dangerous, advanced quickly, can destroy the nail plate completely, go to the neighboring cloth.
Onychomycosis affects the nails of the arms and legs, but in the legs, the nail fungus occurs more frequently.This is due to the fact that the hands are paid more attention, more often washed during the day, treating with antiseptic agents.They are always open, well with the exception of winter, when we wear gloves.And the feet are always covered with street shoes, homemade slippers, tights, socks, more sweat.These factors create an ideal condition for the development of fungus on the feet, as heat and moisture are the best "friends".
The causative agent of onychomycosis penetrates the nails in different directions.The most common way is from the top, from the free edge of the nail plate.It is also possible to introduce on the side of the side roller or from the bottom of the cuticle and the nail growth zone.
The most dangerous onychomycosis is near the cuticle.In this case, the fungus slows down or stops the division of onychoblasts - cells of the shoot zone under the lower nail roller.The nails stop growing long, the infected area cannot recover.Pathological changes in the structure, nail destruction occurs.
Mushrooms are rarely introduced immediately into the nail plate.Initially, their spores fell into the skin around the nails or interdigital gaps through microcuces, wounds, lecets, scuffs, corn.Then the growth of the colony begins, the pathogen moves to the nail plate, penetrates into it and taken to the parasite.
Why does onychomycosis appear?
Mushrooms live in warm and humid places, and wherever there are such situations, it's easy to infect them.For example, if you go to chicken feet in a public bath, swimming pool, shower or gym segment, then the chances of infection are high.
The development of onychomycosis is facilitated by several diseases:
- Diabetes.In diabetic patients, fungi occurs 3 times more frequently.Excessive glucose in the blood creates a favorable condition for life for mushrooms.In the absence of sugar control and its retention in the norm, the blood vessels suffer.The more experience in the disease, the more blood supply to the feet (diabetes syndrome) is affected.Wounds are worse, infections are easier;
- Poor blood circulation in the lower leg caused by varicose veins, atherosclerosis (narrowing the lumen, artery blockage), thrombophlebitis (the formation of blood clotting in the vein);
- Disadvantages of immunity, immune system (HIV), damage to the organs of the immune system.Reduce the body's resistance to any infection;
- Psoriasis.90 % of people suffering from psoriasis have changes in the nail plate.Groundings are formed on it, clouds present, niche appears, nail plate detachment.These factors 1.5 - 2 times increase the chances of infection with fungus;
- Hyperhidrosis or increased sweat of the foot often causes onychomycosis in men;
- The presence of fungal infection in other parts of the body.
Risk groups include parents.
The cause of onychomycosis is often associated with the characteristics of the profession and the wrong care of the foot:
- Poor foot and nail care, lack of daily hygiene procedures due to neglect of personal hygiene rules or difficulty with implementation (in patients sleeping in bed or patients with limited mobility);
- Work in wet, raw rooms (greenhouses, greenhouses, vegetable shops), often wearing rubber gloves or rubber shoes;
- professional sports;
- Wearing uncomfortable, narrow, narrow shoes or shoes, made of artificial material (leather), creates a "greenhouse effect" that prevents normal air exchange.
Factors -Disposal Factors for the development of onychomycosis include nail injury or surrounding tissue, taking antibacterial or hormone drugs.
Women have a common cause in the long term fungus wearing polished gel.It creates a closed space between the nail plate and the coating where the fungal infection has developed.It is not recommended to apply gel polishing on the feet on the feet, it is best to use a normal decorative varnish.Also in women, onychomycosis appears after an unsuccessful manicure or pedicure in the salon, where high quality eradication is not performed, infertility is not complied with.
Signs -to onychomycosis
Often, the fungus infects the toes.
The following changes in the nail plate are shown about fungal damage:
- stupidity, yellowish, losing smoothness and shining;
- itching, redness, peeling the skin around;
- Relaxing, fragility, loose;
- unpleasant odor;
- Structural violations, thickening;
If you find at least one of the signs listed, you should consult your doctor immediately, treat nail fungus.It can be a premium, dermatologist or mystery.
Mandatory examination for a bachelor for confirmation of onychomycosis is required after injury to the nails or surrounding skin.In the event of usable factors (varicose veins, diabetes mellitus, atherosclerosis, weak immunity, sweating, etc.), it is recommended to make medical pedicures once a month, where doctors carefully examine nails and skin, revealing changes in the early stages.
Is the fungus dangerous on the nails?
Onychomycosis is a disease that is more likely to cause psychological discomfort than physical illness.To understand what's going on, just look at the fungus on the feet on the internet.It is characterized by a slow course, not causing pain, fever and other symptoms that need to seek a doctor immediately.
People are not in a hurry to treat nail fungus.After all, when the area is small, you can draw it with varnish, wear socks or closed shoes with strangers.And the problem of psychological discomfort is temporarily resolved.But, unfortunately, everything is not easy.If you do not destroy fungal infections, it will not disappear anywhere, but will hit the nails further.And onychomycosis is different.The infected person is a danger to their family members and others.
How to prevent infection?
The best remedy for nail fungus is prevention.
To protect yourself from infection, you need:
- Use medical disinfectants with GOST inscriptions (they can kill onychomycosis, tuberculosis, hepatitis, HIV);
- Monitor the condition of the feet and nails, the main rule - the feet should be clean and dry;
- To keep shoes, disinfection, drying, easy to use electric dryers for drying;
- Treat your feet with a drying product or antiperspirants, if the feet are sweating hard;
- In the pool, sauna, gym lockers do not walk barefoot, but wear rubber slippers with closed feet;
- Wear comfortable shoes made from natural breathing materials;
- Do not use towels, shoes or foreign manicures.
These tips will help you warn onychomycosis, keep your nails healthy and good.They are effective not only for fungal prevention, but also other problems: nails, corn, corn.
Features -The feature of onychomycosis treatment
Advertising on TV promises easily and quickly cure nail fungus using antifungal cream (fungicidal), solution, varnish.We are promised that "different medicines penetrate deeply into the nail structure, effectively destroying the fungus, for the use of 2 - 3 they return the appearance of the container to the nail."But why is such a fungal free treatment on the feet to give good results in a maximum of 10 % of cases?Because these medicines are only effective in the early stages of the fungus, when the symptoms are unclear and almost invisible.
Manufacturers are often cunning that medicines are produced using the latest technology and have good active ingredients in the composition. Most medicines are only very good and very expensive, while they do not have the necessary ingredients for treatment. You will not buy special drugs in regular pharmacies, as the production is very expensive.
Aggy's medicines are fundamental to the treatment of onychomycosis.Without them, no matter how much we want to beat the infection.But they need to be used properly and intentionally.Healing for nail fungus should be used for prescribed nails and prepared so that it has the right healing effect.
The first thing you need to do if onychomycosis is suspected to consult a doctor who will confirm or deny the diagnosis.If necessary, set additional examination and treatment.Product options from nail fungus based on reviews from the internet, friends or advertising on TV will lead to the loss of time and money to be spent on unnecessary medicines.The same results will be obtained when trying to treat onychomycosis with folk methods.Vinegar, garlic, onions, medicinal herbs cannot destroy pathogens.
An important factor in the treatment of onychomycosis is the disinfection of shoes and clothing, which has been contacted with infected areas.If it is not fulfilled, then you can be infected again from your own thing.Clothes must be washed at high temperatures (above 60 ° C), designed, handle shoes with special disinfectants.
What are the drugs and methods that are effective?
In the early stages, the treatment of onychomycosis is easier and faster than the advanced cases.How to treat nail fungus?
To combat pathogens, use:
- Hardware medical pedicure.Allows you to cleanse the nail area affected by bloodless onychomycosis and pain, providing them with the use of antifungal agents;
- Keratolytics.These are local medicines to nail fungus, which are used for nails affected with the purpose of removal that is painless.They loosen, soften and dissolve the nail plate, and then easily remove with pedicure.Keratolytics facilitates the treatment of onychomycosis, remove the infected area, and stimulate the growth of new healthy nail plates;
- Fungicide agent.The action of these medicines is intended to destroy the fungus.For onychomycosis, it is used locally in the form of varnish, solutions, ointments, creams and in tablets.With internal use, the active ingredient of tablets from nail fungus accumulates in the skin and nail plate.The activity of the fungal enzyme is suppressed, the permeability of the cell membrane is interrupted, and the pathogen is death.
The treatment method for onychomycosis is selected based on the severity of the symptoms and the lesion zone area.In the early stages of the disease, there was sufficient hardware treatment and external fungicide agents.In the form of severe damage, when the entire nail is infected with a fungus, it requires taking a tablet, removing the nail plate.The treatment of advanced onychomycosis forms takes from 3 months to 1 year and depends on the rate of nail growth.
Local functional medicines are safe for health, but not always effective.Tablets negatively affect the liver, so throughout their administration, laboratory control is required.
We cure onychomycosis, and this is the main thing!
The sooner you consult a doctor, the sooner you can overcome it.
Don't be afraid and embarrassed.This problem is very common, millions of people around the world have it.
In the treatment of nail fungus at a professional medical center, you get:
- Observations with a member of the owner and the Movie (a doctor involved in fungal disease);
- 100 % infertility during all procedures;
- Possible material fences (scraping skin and nails) to identify fungal types;
- Quick results (average 3 - 4 procedures required);
- • Free disinfection of a pair of shoes where you come, the possibility of disinfection of all shoes where you go during the onychomycosis period;
- Suggestions for footwear and shoes that will help prevent germs.
The most important thing is to choose a specialist and turn on time to get help only then your nails will be healthy and beautiful!